Red mud recycling. and designing products with recycling in mind.

Red mud recycling 8–1. It is urgent to effectively utilize red mud for the sustainable development of aluminum metallurgy industry. The technology is mainly used for removing alkaline matters in the red mud and selecting a great quantity of iron minerals in the red mud through technical means while separating the radioactive minerals such as zircon, monazite and the like from the red mud at Jun 5, 2020 · In this study, the effectiveness of red mud and a mixture of red mud and CaO as desilication reagents of the alkali-silicate solution are compared and the desilication mechanisms were analyzed. Additionally, such recycling supports the transition toward a more sustainable and circular economy by promoting efficient resource use and reducing dependence on virgin materials. This material can be categorized into sintered red mud, Bayer red mud, or joint red mud, depending on the specific production processes employed [1, 2]. A multi-dimensional performance assessment method combined with life cycle assessment was established to address this issue. , recycling red mud as a mineral additive in the development of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). In this paper, a new route was proposed to fully Feb 1, 2024 · The waste generated from alumina refining is collectively known as red mud due to its color. 2020. Full or partial utilization or recycling of red mud Jul 20, 2014 · A recycling process of iron from red mud by magnetic separation is proposed, in which iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3) in red mud transforms to magnetite (Fe 3 O 4) by anaerobic co-roasting with pyrite (FeS 2). Feb 6, 2023 · This study proposed simultaneous utilization of red mud (RM) and flue gas residues (FGR) as a partial replacement of traditional precursors and energy-intensive activators. The growth rate of red mud production has drastically increased and it was expected that the total cumulative amount of disposed red mud would exceed three billion tons between 2010 and 2015 (Power et al. Recovery of sodium from bauxite residue by pressure filtration and cake washing. Based on mechanical, economic and environmental benefits, it is recommended to use red mud in road base structure rather than in subgrade despite higher red mud consumption in subgrade than Dec 2, 2020 · It is urgent to effectively utilize red mud for the sustainable development of aluminum metallurgy industry. In this paper, a new route was proposed to fully recover Fe, Al2O3 and TiO2 from the red mud, which includes three procedures, i. Environ. Due to the strong alkalinity of red mud, it is difficult to use it directly. In recent years, red mud has also been investigated as a potential Jan 19, 2023 · In this work, a collaborative strategy for the aluminum and iron industry based on red mud recycling through the hydrometallurgy method was proposed. 5 tons of red mud, with an annual production of over 150 million tons. Red mud Jan 24, 2025 · Zhang, C. 5 metric tons of red mud are produced (Kumar et al. Apr 16, 2020 · Environmental risks and mechanical evaluation of recycling red mud in bricks. 5 tons per ton of alumina produced, and reaches about 120 million tons/a in the world (Zhang et al. With other process residues (Caustic soda, lime etc. 91 % Na leaching rate) May 16, 2022 · Some solid wastes, such as phosphogypsum (PG), red mud (RM), fly ash and so on, show a positive effect on the performances of alkali activated slag. 5 Tons per ton of alumina and twice that amount for every ton of aluminium metal Mar 20, 2021 · Recycling of iron from red mud by magnetic separation after co-roasting with pyrite. [3] The worldwide stockpile of red mud is estimated to be more than 3 billion by 2020. Therefore, in-depth studies could be performed to fully understand these residues’ mineralogical and chemical Oct 30, 2024 · This study pioneers the utilization of red mud waste for eco-friendly nanomaterial synthesis and underscores the economic and environmental significance of incorporating glutamic acid as a crucial Red mud Recycling Valuable metals Aluminum industry Iron and steel industry DOI 10. The present invention carries out red mud to anticipate enrichment using shaking table desliming, vibrating screen classification, the technique of strong magnetic enrichment, then recycles iron mineral using the technique of stage grinding magnetic separation dusting cover. and designing products with recycling in mind. The effect of acid concentration on the leaching rates of Fe, Ti, Al, Ca and Na was investigated, specifically, the interaction between Fe and Ti components in the obtained red mud-based catalysts was concerned. 6 billion tons of RM May 12, 2016 · Red Mud Recycling is possible in all its forms no matter where in the world it is being processed. The global annual emissions of RM are approximately 150 million tons, and the stockpiling of RM has exceeded 3 billion tons [9]. Feb 25, 2023 · Currently, the recycling of red mud and fly ash for industrial applications is not a new approach to utilizing solid wastes in the world. Huang et Apr 4, 2023 · Collaborative recycling of red mud and FGD-gypsum into multi-shell cold bonded lightweight aggregates: Synergistic effect, structure design and application in sustainable concrete Construction and Building Materials ( IF 7. 5 tons RM is generated for producing per ton of alumina [8]. The amount of red mud is huge while its alkalinity hinders the application in construction industries. have reported recycling of red mud through high-temperature reduction and thermodynamic analysis using 1,100 – 1,200 C (Ning et al. 8 tons of red mud [17]. High alkalinity (pH > 11), multiple elements, and micron-sized particles make red mud recycling energy-intensive and challenging. , 2024 ; Wang et al. In 2023, China’s RM production reached 107 million tons, with a utilization rate of only 9. The dry storage of red mud not only requires a large amount of land Dec 15, 2023 · Red mud (RM) is a bulk solid waste with strong alkalinity discharged during the alumina extraction process, which is also regarded as a polymetallic resource for recycling valuable metals and preparing new materials (Huang et al. Oct 15, 2021 · Ning et al. Vilches and Jul 5, 2021 · Feasibility of Recycling Bayer Process Red Mud for the Safety Backfill Mining of Layered Soft Bauxite under Coal Minerals ( IF 2. This study investigated the potential of red mud as a cost-effective bifunctional electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction. The results showed that the ceramic foams performed a self-foaming procedure in the course of The invention discloses a method for recycling iron from red mud, which comprises the steps of processing high-iron red mud, performing first strong magnetic separation, pre-oxidizing, regenerative reduction, re-reducing, re-oxidizing and re-magnetic separation. 2022. In accordance with our current knowledge they can not be replaced with other substances. Therefore, the main treatment method for the red mud in the world is open-air stacking. 2017. , 2019). Oct 1, 2024 · Red mud, a main waste of aluminum industry containing high amount of Fe 2 O 3 (20–30 %), was used for the first time post-reduction as iron source in the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of pinewood; aiming to maximize bio-crude yield and quality, exploiting the Fe oxidation with water to produce in-situ H 2. 006 The present invention provides a kind of method of red mud recycling iron. In order to get data on the residue generation, disposal and utilization of red mud, a nationwide investigation was carried out by the National Engineering Research Centre for Aluminum Metallurgy and Zhengzhou Research Institute of CHALCO (Aluminum Corporation of China Limited) with the Jan 19, 2023 · In this work, a collaborative strategy for the aluminum and iron industry based on red mud recycling through the hydrometallurgy method was proposed. May 10, 2024 · Regarding the recuperation of components from red mud, numerous issues significantly escalate recycling process costs and energy expenditure, acting as substantial barriers to industrial development. Mar 21, 2024 · Recycling red mud may be a good option in the construction sector if the residue from red mud can be used in polymers, cement, or ceramics. Recycling waste phosphogypsum (PG) into Aug 25, 2024 · Red mud recycling is crucial to reduce waste, preserve resources, minimize environmental impact, and comply with regulations. Currently, its total global storage amounts to over 4. Resour. The use of RM in masonry materials has proven to be a prospective strategy to alleviate the environmental problems caused by RM. has received a lot of attention [10, 14, 17]. The existing dealkalization technologies mainly include water washing, acid neutralization, CO 2 neutralization, salt precipitation (replacement) and biological methods. The following work presents a hydrometallurgical flowsheet for separation of different red mud elements and recovery of high purity Fe (II) product using cost-effective reagents, energy-efficient processes, and minimal waste generation. 3390/min11070722 Feb 1, 2019 · Also the synergistic use of red mud and other wastes also improves the mechanical and durability properties of the material compared with using red mud alone. 4) Pub Date : 2023-04-04, DOI: 10. After that, red mud is used to replace cement Sep 6, 2024 · The recycling and repurposing of red mud predominantly revolve around three key avenues: firstly, the extraction of valuable metallic elements like iron, aluminum, and rare metals from its composition [19]; secondly, the application of red mud in the fabrication of construction materials including cement, lightweight aggregates, fired and Jun 1, 2019 · Abstract SiC/mullite composite porous ceramics were fabricated from recycled solid red mud (RM) waste. About 140 million tons of bauxite residue are generated every year, which are normally placed in huge tailing ponds in contact with the atmosphere or Aug 2, 2021 · High alkalinity (pH > 11), multiple elements, and micron-sized particles make red mud recycling energy-intensive and challenging. 2024, ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering. e. A series of experiments have been carried out to develop a new approach for effective management of red mud. Currently, only a small amount of RM can be recycled, such as building materials [35] , [7] , metal recycling [39] , [48] , land composting and environmental remediation materials [13] , [21] . 1016/B978-0-12-803581-8. (NH4)6Mo7O24 were used as catalyst to alter the mullitization reaction pathway and promote the growth of mullite crystals. Red mud (bauxite residue) is a highly alkaline solid waste of alumina production. 11474-2 View PDF View article View in Scopus Google Scholar Figure. As main disposal of the red mud stacking or landfill not only does certain harm to the natural environment, but also wastes precious Oct 1, 2024 · With enriched iron and titanium elements, red mud produced by the lime-free Bayer process showing high recycling value. 1. Recycl. The Dec 1, 2024 · The keywords “Red mud” and “bauxite residue” were used for literature collection. May 13, 2022 · Red mud (RM) is an industrial waste generated during alumina production by the Bayer process, which is an environmental challenge and overlooked treasure for critical rare earth metals (REMs) that has rarely been exploited purposefully. The following work presents a hydrometallurgical flowsheet for separation of different red mud elements and recovery of high purity Fe (II) Oct 1, 2024 · A large stock of red mud (RM), with certain resource values and potential environmental hazards, places higher requirements on the selection and optimization of recycling technology. et al. In order to recover valuable metals by techniques such as pyrometallurgy or hydrometallurgy, or a combination of the two, both thermochemical and Jan 6, 2025 · Red mud (abbreviated as RM) is a solid waste formed during the alumina refining process from bauxite. Eng. (2019) R. The use of red mud to produce building materials such as cement, glass ceramics, bricks, geopolymers and roofing tiles helps reduce the carbon Jul 13, 2020 · Red mud is an industrial residue generated during the Bayer process of alumina production (Jones and Haynes 2011). Moreover, the recommendation of red mud treatment in the future is suggested, the application in road base material is highly May 23, 2022 · Alternative red mud recycling – building materials and ceramics. For low-grade bauxite ores, the low aluminium to silica (Al/Si) ratio makes Bayer process ineffective and therefore a sintering process is frequently used instead for alumina refining (Tian et al. The non-binding Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) aims to unlock the potential of over 4 billion tonnes of Red Mud stored Red mud or bauxite residue as a highly alkaline hazardous waste has been incessantly generated from the beginning of the alumina production industry from bauxite ore in the late 19th century. The technical characteristics and application directions of the different dealkalization Jan 19, 2023 · In this work, a collaborative strategy for the aluminum and iron industry based on red mud recycling through the hydrometallurgy method was proposed. 5–2. , 2016). Red mud is a by-product of Oct 1, 2024 · The composition, properties, environmental hazards, and current status of comprehensive utilization of red mud were studied. REE extraction from this bauxite residue will contribute to reducing the importation of these elements worldwide. Reaction mechanisms of geopolymer pastes were investigated through isothermal calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and infrared spectroscopy, by varying the dosage of RM (40%) Dec 1, 2014 · China is the largest producer of both alumina and red mud in the word. , 2021b). The sorbent doped with 10 % red mud (99. At present, the comprehensive utilization rate of red mud worldwide is less than 10% ( Ma et al. 2 show that the SFP formed by RCCM has both excellent performance and low environmental risk. The summarized research focused on the extraction and utilization of iron, aluminum, titanium, and other valuable elements in red mud. A non-binding MoU will see MTM investigate viable recycling solutions for Red Mud, an industrial waste generated during DOI: 10. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the method can save cost, be used quickly Oct 25, 2010 · Due to its high alkalinity, to date no ecologically and economically satisfactory remediation or recycling processes exist for Red Mud and its storage sites constitute a substantial safety and May 6, 2024 · A Mini Review on Sewage Sludge and Red Mud Recycling for Thermal Energy Storage Yaxuan Xiong 1,*, Aitonglu Zhang 1, Yanqi Zhao 2,*, Qian Xu 3 and Yulong Ding 4 W Beijing Key Lab of Heating, Gas Supply, Ventilating and Air Feb 16, 2025 · To solve the urgent issue of electromagnetic (EM) wave radiation pollution and promote the resource utilisation of red mud (RM, a solid waste), Fe/C/ceramic composite EM wave-absorbing materials were constructed by recycling RM with raw coal (RC) through simple mechanical mixing and then carbothermal reduction between Fe2O3 in RM and carbon Jul 13, 2023 · The red mud was activated by an acid leaching and reprecipitation approach to be used as NH3-SCR catalyst. However, the long-term storage of large-amount red mud pollutes environment and underground water, threats human 1 day ago · Under the terms of the non-binding MOU, MTM will collaborate with Vendanta to explore use of their proprietary, patented Flash Joule Heating (FJH) Technology to recycle Vendanta's Red Mud (bauxite tailings) and recover valuable metals, including iron, alumina, titanium, gallium, scandium, rare earths that are "locked up" by the iron. . High alkalinity (pH > 11), multiple elements, and micron-sized particles make red May 16, 2019 · Red mud or bauxite residue as a highly alkaline hazardous waste has been incessantly generated from the beginning of the alumina production industry from bauxite ore May 23, 2022 · Red mud can be recycled through valuable metal recovery. Approximately 1–2 Jun 6, 2024 · Red mud has been considered a building material additive and metal recovery technique for decades. Generally, each ton of alumina produced can generate 0. Jan 18, 2024 · A huge amount of red mud was produced in the Aluminum industry which is environmentally hazardous and hard to de-alkalize or recycle due to its enormous amount and low value for recycling. Khalidy et al. Miner. In this work, a technological scheme was developed for the extraction of iron into cast iron from red mud by smelting Jan 15, 2022 · Red mud generation in Indian bauxite ore refineries (Rai et al. Approximately 95% of alumina is produced using the Bayer process []. Possible strategies for red mud neutralization and dealkalization from the alumina production industry: a review for Indonesia. 0 International Content may be Nov 20, 2024 · Recycling of red mud (RM) has posed an enduring challenge for the alumina industry. Oct 19, 2024 · This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of red mud as a sustainable material for road base construction, particularly in combination with bottom ash. Thermochim. , 2011; Zhu et al. 2) Pub Date : 2018-11-20, DOI: 10. The total global storage of red mud occupies large areas, leading to environmental damage and increasing environmental risks. 1) Pub Date : 2018-04-01, DOI: 10. However, a 15% red mud replacement limit is advised to prevent adverse effects on concrete strength. High alkalinity (pH > 11), multiple elements, and micron-sized particles make red mud recycling energy Nov 13, 2024 · This review paper explores the use of red mud as a sustainable alternative for construction materials and soil stabilisation due to its unique chemical and mineral composition, a waste produced during the extraction of aluminium from bauxite ore. In this method, Fe^3+ and Al^3+ were firstly separated from the red mud by using H_2SO_4 as a leaching agent, which was by-produced from the sintering process of an iron and steel industry. [4] High alkalinity (pH > 11), heavy metal content, very fine particle size makes red mud recycling challenging and possess various environ-mental and health Apr 15, 2021 · Red mud can only be stored temporarily if there is no way to treat red mud after it is produced. Apr 1, 2023 · Red mud (RM) is an industrial waste discharged during alumina extraction by Bayer process. The pavement performance of SFPs constructed with various alkali-activated grouting We hope that this effort will lead to the development of a network of excellence among professionals that would promote and influence the implementation of “best applicable techniques” for Red Mud recycling. 4. 9) Pub Date : 2020-01-01, DOI: 10. Mar 5, 2025 · Recycling and processing red mud are more cost-effective than storage at red mud dumps. , 12 (2024) 114052] Author links open overlay panel Siqi Zhao a, Yahe Chen a b, Jianxin Yang a b, Ning Ding a. In wet storage, the red mud is discharged into a specially excavated pool, and the water in the red mud is discharged through the water guide system or evaporated by air drying. The pore structure, physical and mechanical properties of the sintered foams subjected to different sintering schedules were investigated. Approximately 1–1. To solve the urgent issue of electromagnetic (EM) wave radiation pollution and promote the resource utilisation of red mud (RM, a solid waste), Fe/C/ceramic composite EM wave-absorbing materials were constructed by recycling RM with raw coal (RC) through simple mechanical mixing and then carbothermal reduction between Fe 2 O 3 in RM Jan 19, 2023 · In this work, a collaborative strategy for the aluminum and iron industry based on red mud recycling through the hydrometallurgy method was proposed. com Submitted October 27, 2019; accepted December 20, 2019 Keywords: Ceramic foams, Self-foaming, Fly Dec 1, 2018 · Approximately 1. 0 t red mud is generated as a byproduct during the production of one ton of alumina (Hong et al. Due to its high basicity and potential leaching, its storage is a critical environmental problem. 561 - 582 , 10. jiec. Moreover, it contains a significant May 16, 2019 · In this regard, recycling RM and using the red mud-based nanocomposites could assist in the cleanup of the environment from this waste sustain in addition to creating value-added materials [30 Apr 27, 2023 · As an abundant hazardous waste, red mud needs a simple and effective mean of resource utilization. Paraffin/red mud phase change energy storage composite incorporated gypsum-based and cement-based materials: microstructures, thermal and mechanical properties. After years of research and experiment on waste reutilization, I have identified a few uses for Red Mud that can bring a Jun 10, 2021 · Bauxite residue, known as red mud, is a by-product of alumina production using the Bayer process. Summarized processes for valuable element smelting included magnetic separation, the wet method, the fire method, and bio-metallurgy. , 2018 ). Sci. The influence of firing Apr 26, 2024 · Sewage sludge and red mud, as common industrial waste, have become a research hotspot in the field of achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, reducing carbon emissions, and solving environmental problems. The porous ceramics were formed using a graphite pore forming agent, RM, Al(OH)3 and SiC in the presence of catalysts. 1 day ago · Under the terms of the non-binding MOU, MTM will collaborate with Vendanta to explore use of their proprietary, patented Flash Joule Heating (FJH) Technology to recycle Vendanta's Red Mud (bauxite Oct 1, 2024 · The composition, recycling and utilisation of Bayer red mud. (2018) proposed a large-scale consumption and zero-waste recycling method of red mud in steel making process. In addition, effective technologies need to be established, such as self-management and Jan 7, 2022 · Red mud (RM) is a highly alkaline by-product produced by the aluminium industry. Acta (2014) Z. 6 billion tons, and the world’s red mud stockpile is steadily expanding 2,3. Microsintering test was employed to investigate the formation and properties of bonding phase affected by RM. Hern{\'a}ndez Arroyo and Yolanda Luna-Galiano and Carlos Leiva and Luis F. 2023. Results show that when adding 30–50 g/L of red mud, the desilication rate is only 36–38% while adding 30 g/L of red mud and CaO mixture with a calcium-silicon ratio of 1 The invention provides a process for recycling red mud, and relates to the fields of chemical industry, smelting and iron selection. ) and impurities added up, the amount of red mud getting generated continuously is around 2-2. Previous research on the recycling of The increasing importance of recycling end-of-life photovoltaic modules is demonstrated by the rising quantity of discarded crystalline silicon solar cells that contain valuable metals. A process for recycling red mud comprises the steps of sodium removal, pre-selection, smelting treatment and iron selection. 1007/s11356-023-25389-8 英文摘要 In this work, a collaborative strategy for the aluminum and iron industry based on red mud recycling through the hydrometallurgy method Jul 1, 2020 · This paper presents an efficient application for red mud, i. Oct 15, 2020 · RECYCLING FLY ASH AND RED MUD TO MANUFACTURE SELF-FOAMING CERAMIC FOAMS CONGCONG JIANG, XIUZHI ZHANG, DAN WANG, LINA ZHANG, #XIN CHENG University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China #E-mail: ujn_chengxin@163. This material is typically stored in dams, which demands prior care of the disposal area and includes monitoring and maintenance throughout its useful life. This work offers a comprehensive investigation into the fundamental and applied research of RM blend into the iron ore sintering process. 012 May 16, 2023 · of alumina results in 1 to 1. Sintering process for alumina production usually involves heating a bauxite-lime Mar 20, 2021 · Finally, the recycling of valuable elements in red mud was analyzed. Up to now, the most common treatment of red mud is disposed in man-made dams. China and Australia account for around 80% Nov 20, 2018 · The composition, recycling and utilisation of Bayer red Resources, Conservation and Recycling ( IF 11. The red mud capacity to produce H 2 was Jun 1, 2023 · Red mud with high yield, high alkalinity, and complex composition is defined as a hazardous material [34], and it is a serious environmental issue [60]. The method and equipment for recycling alumina red mud includes adding the alumina red mud into mixed acid of hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid to react, dissolving iron, aluminum, calcium, sodium and a small amount of zinc, copper, magnesium and other metals, and leaving solid silicon dioxide to be separated as building material or glass raw material; adding ammonium Some solid wastes, such as phosphogypsum (PG), red mud (RM), fly ash and so on, show a positive effect on the performances of alkali activated slag. The selection and identification of the most relevant articles are conducted from the aspects of the production and characteristics, the toxicity and threat, and the utilization, recycling and remediation of red mud, mostly published in past 10 years. Jun 6, 2021 · red mud via its recycling in di erent applications . , 2017). 1016/j. According to the above studies, the qualities of Vietnam’s Nov 20, 2024 · Recycling of red mud (RM) has posed an enduring challenge for the alumina industry. The fate of atmospheric carbon sequestrated through weathering in mine tailings. 5 tons of RM are generated [2]. The effects of 2 days ago · MTM Critical Metals partners with global aluminium giant on waste recycling. MTM Critical Metals has signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with Vedanta, an aluminium production company, to explore alumina waste recycling. Therefore, there is a pressing necessitate advance the automated of cocky metal recuperation processes, streamline multiplex procedures, and 22 hours ago · Red mud poses a significant waste challenge, with more than 4bt currently in hazardous tailings deposits. For each ton of alumina, approximately 1–1. conbuildmat. Jan 8, 2025 · Red mud, an industrial byproduct containing metal oxides, is typically landfilled, posing environmental hazards like soil and water contamination. This study investigates the use of red mud as a substitute in grouting materials to reduce energy consumption and emissions in semi-flexible pavements (SFP). Jan 12, 2024 · Recycling and reusing these waste materials, Red mud is a viable alternative to cement in rigid pavement construction, enhancing compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths and promoting the formation of beneficial C-S-H gel. envres. The data analyzed in this study will be used as basic data The aggregate industry-wide generation of red mud wastes by the five facilities was approximately 2. Int. , 2011). Given the prospective increase in environmental payments and fines for the use of red mud dumps and the deficit of free land in the city near existing facilities that process aluminum bauxites, the processing of red mud is becoming increasingly more feasible Jun 1, 2023 · Red mud with high yield, high alkalinity, and complex composition is defined as a hazardous material [34], and it is a serious environmental issue [60]. Whole technological process Nov 18, 2021 · About 120 million tons of red mud is produced worldwide each year. However, their treatment and Jan 12, 2024 · Recycling and reusing these waste materials, especially in the context of cement and aggregates for concrete [3], [9], [10], [11], offer a preferable solution. Nov 20, 2018 · The composition, recycling and utilisation of Bayer red Resources, Conservation and Recycling ( IF 11. The accumulation of RM not only occupies a large amount of land but also Apr 1, 2018 · Recycling of red mud as a catalyst for complete oxidation of Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry ( IF 6. This work proposed a pre-reduction and flux-free smelting process to recycle Fe/Ti resources from this red mud. Figures - available via license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4. Red mud has shown that recycling studies are being carried out in fields such as construction, recycling, metal recovery, adsorbent, and pollution stabilization. Herein, a novel zero-valent iron heterogeneous Fenton catalyst RMB-900 was synthesized by pyrolysis (900 °C) using red mud and straw with a facile solvent-free carbothermal redox approach. 8 %. Conserv. pre-reducing-smelting Nov 1, 2019 · Current management for red mud is insufficient and a new method is needed. In the preparation of aluminum oxide via the Nov 1, 2024 · Most importantly, this validates that recycling red mud in road materials offers potential advantages. , 2018). Mortars without or with 3%, 6% and 9% red mud were prepared May 12, 2022 · Industrial risks by the coast: how people-place bonds impact acceptance of a red mud recycling project (Riesgos industriales en la costa: The perceived risks of a depollution project where ‘red mud’ (an industrial residue) is used to neutralize lead-contaminated soil are analysed in relation to (1) place attachment and (2) trust in The invention relates to a method for recycling red mud, which comprises the following steps: 1) washing the red mud to recover sodium hydroxide; 2) stirring and leaching red mud washing slag in a concentrated acid rotary kiln; 3) using the leaching residue obtained in the step 2) for producing water glass and building ceramsite; step 4) adjusting the pH value of the leachate The invention discloses a red mud harmless comprehensive recycling technology suitable for a Bayer process. 8 million metric tons in 1988, yielding a facility average of nearly 564,000 metric tons per year. In this method, Fe3+ and Al3+ were firstly separated from the red mud by using H2 SO4 as a leaching agent, which was by-produced from the sintering process of an iron and steel industry. Considering the Jun 1, 2018 · Abstract Low-cost ceramic floor tiles were successfully produced from recycling red mud with addition of kaolin. Red mud-based modified silty sand subgrade filler will be affected by dry-wet alternation caused by various factors in practical application, thus affecting the durability of the Recycling red mud for low-carbon pavement: Performance evaluation and environment risk assessment. 131134 Aug 1, 2021 · In this work, a collaborative strategy for the aluminum and iron industry based on red mud recycling through the hydrometallurgy method was proposed. 0–1. Liu et al. Microsintering test was The self-foaming ceramic foams were prepared by recycling fly ash (FA) and red mud (RM) as raw materials. , 2021a ; Zhou et al. The global annual emissions of RM are approximately 150 million tons, and the stockpiling of RM has exceeded 3 billion tons [9]. @article{Arroyo2020EnvironmentalRA, title={Environmental risks and mechanical evaluation of recycling red mud in bricks. R M Environmental Solutions Mr Gary McNeish. 2006). The disposal of red mud is a major environmental issue worldwide due to its high alkalinity and large production volume. Neutralization of red mud 2. Global presents Tel: Email: garyjmcneish@gmail. scitotenv. Nov 20, 2024 · Red mud is the waste of bauxite refinement into alumina, the feedstock for aluminium production1. We target at bulk productive industries that by definition are more likely to absorb the massive production of Red Mud worldwide. TG-DTA and XRD results showed that hematite was reduced to magnetite by the thermo-decomposed compounds (iron monosulfide, pyrrhotite and element Oct 11, 2012 · The disposal of red mud remains an environmental concern all around in the alumina- aluminium producing countries. Credit: Edvision/Shutterstock. , 2023 ), and dam stacking is still the main Feb 1, 2025 · Red mud (RM) is a type of solid waste generated during aluminum production [1]. , 2015). Moreover, it contains a significant Jan 1, 2015 · Storage of red mud – bauxite processing waste – leads to serious environmental problems due to its high alkalinity and particle dispersity. Solid waste management in non Mar 6, 2018 · To release the environmental pressure from the massive discharge of bauxite residue (red mud), a novel recycling method of red mud in steel making process was investigated through high-temperature experiments and thermodynamic analysis. Collaborative recycling of red mud and FGD-gypsum into multi-shell cold bonded lightweight aggregates: Synergistic effect, structure design and application in sustainable concrete. 5 tons of RM (Li et al. For this reason, this waste material causes environmental challenges. Red mud, a by-product of the Bayer process used in alumina extraction, is known for its high alkalinity and heavy metal content. Mar 6, 2018 · To release the environmental pressure from the massive discharge of bauxite residue (red mud), a novel recycling method of red mud in steel making process was investigated through high-temperature experiments and thermodynamic analysis. 109537 Corpus ID: 216074327; Environmental risks and mechanical evaluation of recycling red mud in bricks. The effects of molybdate content and sintering temperature on morphologies and performances of resultant specimens were characterized in May 31, 2024 · However, the recycling of red mud for REE extraction by using a low-cost and green process would be interesting. 31 Jan 6, 2022 · Ning et al. The present study introduces a novel recycling process that Jun 10, 2021 · Bauxite residue, known as red mud, is a by-product of alumina production using the Bayer process. May 23, 2023 · Red mud (RM) is a typical industrial by-product of the alumina refining industry. Red mud samples from two different geographic locations Aug 1, 2021 · Red mud is a polymetallic waste generated during Bayer's process of alumina production. The refining of 1 ton of alumina generates approximately 1. , 838 (2022), Article 155925, 10. At present, red mud has good application prospects for removing May 26, 2023 · Red mud, also referred to as bauxite residue, is the largest process waste produced during alumina production from bauxite ore by the Bayer method. Chem. The invention provides a method for recycling red mud and application thereof, comprising the following steps: preparing red mud into red mud slurry, performing acidolysis to control the iron dissolution amount to be less than 5%, performing flotation and desiliconization to obtain red mud-based iron ore, taking the red mud-based iron ore as a soil remediation agent, and Apr 12, 2024 · With enriched iron and titanium elements, red mud produced by the lime-free Bayer process showing high recycling value. 6 billion tons, including about 600 million tons in Russia. Jan 1, 2025 · The removal of alkali components is a common practice when red mud recycling. Jun 1, 2018 · Low-cost ceramic floor tiles were successfully produced from recycling red mud with addition of kaolin. Every year, over 200 million tons of RM are discharged worldwide. With billions of tonnes of bauxite residue available as an untapped resource, this initiative has the potential to turn waste into wealth, reshaping the future of Aug 2, 2021 · Red mud is a polymetallic waste generated during Bayer's process of alumina production. In this method, Fe3+ Aug 2, 2021 · Red mud is a polymetallic waste generated during Bayer's process of alumina production. 11. With about 180 million tonnes produced per year1, red mud has amassed to one of the largest Sep 1, 2024 · Red mud is a byproduct of the aluminium industry, and each ton of alumina produces approximately 1. The global production of RM is estimated at 70 to 120 million tonnes annually (Ahmed et al. In this method, Fe 3+ and Al 3+ were firstly separated from the red mud by using H 2 SO 4 as a leaching agent, which was by-produced from the sintering process of an iron and steel industry. Therefore, the pavement can be proved to be able to be used in May 26, 2023 · Red mud accumulation has surpassed 4. Nov 23, 2024 · Red mud, a voluminous industrial waste produced during the Bayer process in the alumina industry, has numerous application possibilities across various fields. According to the invention, sodium in the red mud is removed through a sodium removal step, sodium in the red mud is Jan 1, 2020 · Advanced Method for Recycling Red Mud by Carbothermal Solid-Phase Reduction Using Sodium Metallurgist ( IF 0. resconrec. In this method, Fe3+ and Al3+ were firstly Aug 14, 2024 · High-iron Bayer red mud, containing over 30% of iron, is considered low-grade iron ore. Show more. The total stockpile of RM in the world is evaluated to be close 4 billion tons, which caused serious soil and water pollution. With its multi‑faceted approach, the initiative offers environmental, economic, and market benefits that could redefine the future of resource management. Kinnarinen et al. 3. 1007/s11015-020-00906-z Oct 1, 2024 · @article{Zhao2024IntegratedMA, title={Integrated multi-dimensional assessment of red mud recycling technologies: Insights from industrial waste treatment and life-cycle management}, author={Siqi Zhao and Yahe Chen and Jianxin Yang and Ning Ding}, journal={Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering}, year={2024}, url={https://api Jul 1, 2024 · Recycling of phosphogypsum and red mud in low carbon and green cementitious materials for vertical barrier. 2018. 1 The schematic of red mud neutralization and recycling 2. , 2021a, Li et al. However, few studies focus on the recycling of these solid wastes in the system of MgO activated slag. (2021) T. Feb 22, 2025 · Red mud recycling In parallel with the increase of consumer demands, rare earth elements (REE) have became raw materials of ever increasing value, their use is extremely varied and they play a key role in many industries. Jan 23, 2022 · Managing red mud (RM), a solid waste byproduct of the alumina recovery process, is a serious ecological and environmental issue. For many years, roadworks using red mud have been seen as one of the most appropriate ways in various countries. The worldwide inventory of red mud reached an estimated four billion tons increasing at 120–150 million tons annually. A number of studies have been conducted on the use of red mud as a modifying additive for cement, the development of various catalysts based on red mud, and the recovery of various valuable metals from red mud. View PDF View article View in Scopus Google Scholar. 006 Jan 1, 2025 · Red mud has the characteristics of fine particles, strong alkalinity and harmful elements, which make it difficult to recycle (Liu and Li, 2015; Wang et al. The two storage methods, wet storage and dry storage, are shown in Fig. Environmental Research ( IF 8. Vedanta and MTM Critical Metals (ASX Oct 1, 2024 · Corrigendum to “Integrated multi-dimensional assessment of red mud recycling technologies: Insights from industrial waste treatment and life-cycle management” [J. May 1, 2021 · Red mud (RM) is a waste generated from Bayer process to extract alumina at an approximately rate of 0. 2 days ago · By reimagining red mud as a resource rather than waste, the MTM Critical Metals recycling partnership 2025 serves as a critical step towards transforming industrial practices. During the last few decades, many technolo-gies for the utilization of red mud have been . 109537 red mud via its recycling in different applications has received a lot of attention [10, 14, 17]. 1 and 3. Process. Red mud or bauxite residue is a solid waste generated from the Bayer process. However, because of technological and policy limitations, landfilling is currently the only technique of treating red mud and fly ash in Vietnam. Feb 16, 2025 · ABSTRACT. During the last few decades, many technolo-gies for the utilization of red mud have been proposed such as building materials [5, 19] pig-ments, catalysts [12], adsorbent, and the recovery of valuable metals such as iron, titanium dioxide, Jan 1, 2021 · In this review, the neutralization and recycling status of red mud have been systematically illustrated, their advantages and disadvantages are also discussed in detail in terms of environmental and economic benefits. In particular, technologies for recovering rare earths have been developed as worldwide because of their high economic value. Red mud is considered a significant environmental threat due to its high 2 days ago · The MTM-Vedanta partnership represents a transformative approach to Red Mud recycling, combining innovative FJH technology with the operational expertise of a global aluminium leader. Acid neutralization The acid neutralization is a very simple method that based on the principle of acid-base neutralization, the general idea of acid neutralization is to take use of the waste acid/acid gases to neutralize red mud. Due to the global iron deficiency in recent decades, the effective utilization of the iron contained in high-iron red mud has received increasing attention. Consequently, it is crucial to figure out an industrial In this work, a collaborative strategy for the aluminum and iron industry based on red mud recycling through the hydrometallurgy method was proposed. During the past decades, 2 days ago · A non-binding MoU will see MTM investigate viable recycling solutions for Red Mud, an industrial waste generated during the processing of bauxite into alumina. 3 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-16 , DOI: 10. Discussions of mechanism by red mud contribution. It resulted in Sep 8, 2024 · A large stock of red mud (RM), with certain resource values and potential environmental hazards, places higher requirements on the selection and optimization of recycling technology. Currently, only a small amount of RM can be recycled, such as building materials [35], [7], metal recycling [39], [48], land composting and environmental remediation materials [13], [21]. The results showed that after the reduction roasting of the carbon-bearing red mud pellets at 1100–1200 °C for 12–20 min, 2 days ago · MTM Critical Metals (MTM) has entered a strategic partnership with Vedanta Ltd, a global metals conglomerate, to explore the recycling of bauxite residue (Red Mud) using MTM's proprietary Flash Joule Heating (FJH) technology. For every ton of alumina produced, approximately 1. 8 to 1. May 1, 2023 · Therefore, the disposal and recycling of red mud is currently a crucial issue and needs to be addressed urgently. The utili Oct 1, 2024 · In this study, eight typical RM recycling technologies were screened and sorted into three categories, 18 assessment indicators covering technological, resource, environmental, Mar 20, 2021 · Red mud’s high specific surface area and small particle size can be used to remove pollutants in water. , 2020) due to the growing demand for alumina. Firstly, the prepared pressure-forming pellets comprised of red mud and semi-coke powders were reduction roasted at 1100–1200 °C for 12–20 min to obtain a metallization ratio of ≥88%. Despite advanced recycling methods, the surplus of broken Si wafers poses challenges for reintegration into new module manufacturing. To solve the problem of red mud treatment, a facile Jul 1, 2020 · Recycling of red mud for value-added applications: a comprehensive review Encyclopedia of Renewable and Sustainable Materials , 2 ( 2020 ) , pp. }, author={F. 2) Pub Date : 2021-07-05, DOI: 10. Multiple influence factors Oct 20, 2024 · Integrated Recycling of Red Mud for Iron Ore Sinter Manufacturing: Interfacial Bonding Regulation of the Sintering Process. 155925. May 1, 2021 · Red mud is one kind of by-products rejected from industrial production of alumina plant and characterized by high content of alkaline and containing many valuable metals such as iron, aluminum, titanium, etc. The results of 3. Jan 21, 2025 · Red mud is a robust alkaline waste material produced during the alumina extraction process. Total. com Patent number 10,851,007 Issue date Dec 1, 2020 R M Environmental Solutions Is a Patented Red Mud (RM) recycling company, who can extract not only metals from RM but also Rare Earth Elements (REE) and recycle 100% of RM. Specifically, the modified Andreasen & Andersen particle packing model has been carried out to obtain a densely compacted UHPC matrix. The disposal of red mud leads to a serious environmental threat because of its tiny particle size and high alkaline value. J. With ~150 million tons/year of RM being generated globally, nearly 4. Acid leaching can decrease the sodium content in red mud, and the more sodium removed, the better the recycling effect is. 5 tonnes of RM (Borra et al. lhiiecm hpcm kpcrtr mwb sozc vibbysg mwzpxy cuk lzmmpk uko vmb gza rgpvt nnemvz dmom